Industrial oils and greases, wax; lubricants; dust absorbing, wetting and binding compositions; fuels and illuminants; candles and wicks for lighting.
Trademark applications and registrations in Class 4 over the past 15 years.
Class 4 covers industrial oils and greases, wax, lubricants, dust absorbing, wetting, and binding compositions, fuels and illuminants, and candles and wicks for lighting. It is a mid-sized class that spans two commercially distinct segments: industrial lubricants and fuels on one side, and consumer candle products on the other.
The class's top filers — LZ Legal Services, S.C. Johnson & Son, and Fross Zelnick Lehrman & Zissu — represent both major consumer goods companies with candle and home fragrance lines and industrial manufacturers protecting lubricant and fuel brands. The candle segment has driven significant recent filing activity, as the home fragrance market has expanded with direct-to-consumer brands and lifestyle companies entering the space.
The most common classification errors in Class 4 involve boundaries with Classes 1, 3, and 11. Wax as a raw industrial material is Class 1; wax as a finished product for household or industrial use is Class 4. Essential oils are Class 3, not Class 4, even when used in candle-making. Electric candle-shaped lighting devices are Class 11 apparatus, not Class 4 candles. Cooking oils and edible fats belong in Class 29 — the Class 4 oils are exclusively non-edible, industrial, or illuminant in nature. Dust-absorbing compositions for sweeping, though rarely filed, fall within Class 4 and are sometimes misclassified under Class 3 cleaning products or Class 1 industrial chemicals.
Candle and home fragrance brands frequently file across Classes 3, 4, and 11, covering essential oils and room sprays, candles and wax melts, and electric diffuser devices. Petroleum and industrial lubricant companies typically pair Class 4 with Class 1 for chemical additives and Class 7 for machinery that uses the lubricants. For lifestyle brands expanding from candles into broader home goods, Classes 4, 3, 21, and 35 form a natural filing cluster.
Class 4 includes mainly industrial oils and greases, fuels and illuminants.
Editorial deep dives spanning Nice Class 4 and adjacent classes
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On the last day of the quarter, the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board sustained an opposition brought by the heirs of Diego Armando Maradona against Sattvica S.A.
When the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board decided an opposition on the merits this quarter, the party bringing the challenge usually won.
Explore 26,984 live trademarks in Lubricants and Fuels. Search by name, owner, or serial number — then filter by Class 4.
Search TrademarksCandles as products (including scented candles) belong in Class 4. Class 11 covers lighting apparatus and installations. A candle sold as a consumer product is Class 4; an electric candle-shaped light fixture is Class 11.
No. Edible cooking oils belong in Class 29 (oils and fats for food). Class 4 covers industrial oils, lubricants, and fuels that are not for human consumption.
No. Essential oil diffuser devices belong in Class 11 (household appliances). The essential oils themselves belong in Class 3. Class 4 covers lamp oils and illuminating fuels.
Yes. Wax melts, wax tarts, and other scented wax products designed to be warmed for fragrance release are classified in Class 4 alongside candles. The electric warmer device used to melt them belongs in Class 11.
Electric vehicle charging stations and equipment belong in Class 9 (electrical apparatus). Class 4 covers traditional fuels and lubricants — gasoline, diesel, motor oils. The shift to EVs does not bring charging products into Class 4.
Yes. Biofuels, biodiesel, ethanol-based fuels, and other alternative fuels for combustion engines are classified in Class 4 alongside petroleum-based fuels. The biological raw materials used to produce them may belong in Class 1.
Yes. Lighter fluid, lamp oil, charcoal briquettes, and firelighters are all classified in Class 4 as fuels and illuminants. The lighter device itself belongs in Class 34 (smokers' articles).
Wax as a finished product for household or industrial use (candle wax, floor wax, car wax) belongs in Class 4. Unprocessed wax as a raw industrial material for manufacturing belongs in Class 1. The key is whether the wax is the end product or a raw input.
No. Candle and home fragrance brands should typically file across Class 4 (candles, wax melts), Class 3 (essential oils, room sprays), Class 11 (electric diffusers and warmers), and Class 35 (retail services). This multi-class strategy covers the full product ecosystem.